Instructions: Complete your exam in a separate document (Word or GoogleDoc) and include your last name in the title. Export to PDF before uploading it to the Turn-It-In link on Brightspace (Go to ‘Activities’à‘Assignments’à‘Exam’).

IMPORTANT: You must complete 10 questions in total (2 from each Question Set). When completing the exam, simply cut and paste the question (number and text) prior to your response. Be as clear and specific as possible, and where appropriate cite examples, quotes, or relevant context. Each answer should be at least a paragraph long, and must include enough detail to directly and fully answer the question.

If you have a question of clarification while working on your exam, please email. Finally, please do not answer more than the required number of questions and request I grade the best of them! I can’t do thisL

Questions Set A: Choose TWO of the following (20 points each)

1. 1)  How does Glaucon renew Thrasymachus’ challenge to Socrates? What does he want Socrates to demonstrate and why is this a difficult challenge to meet? Finally, what is the Myth of Gyges and how does Glaucon use it to demonstrate his point?
2. 2)  Fully explain Socrates’ analogy between the city and the soul! Be sure to address: (i) the tri- partite division of both city and soul; (ii) the location of the various virtues within the city/state; (iii) the crucial role of philosopher kings.
3. 3)  Why, according to Socrates, is democracy a corrupt constitutional form? Be sure to state and explain his account of the demise of Kallipolis.

Questions Set B: Choose TWO of the following (20 points each)

4. 4)  Define and explain the following terms as Hobbes uses them: (i) Right of nature; (ii) Law of

   nature; (iii) Liberty. How are these concepts related to one another?

5. 5)  What is the origin of inequality, according to Rousseau? How it is related to his account of human psychology and “unnecessary desires”? How does he suggest it ought to be remedied?
6. 6)  Describe Hobbes’s analysis of social contract. What two things must each party to contract agree to do in order to successfully institute commonwealth? Why? Finally, what is the end goal of this agreement and how does it affect the structure of commonwealth?

PHIL 1060: Law, Liberty, & Philosophy — Final Exam

Questions Set C: Choose TWO of the following (20 points each)

7. 7)  What reasons does Hume offer for thinking that no contract or agreement could have allowed for general submission to authority? Why does he think we should be skeptical of theories involving conditional consent? Additionally, what is his critique of tacit consent?
8. 8)  According to Pateman, for Hobbes, in the state of nature “political right is maternal not paternal.” Explain and assess her reading of Hobbes.
9. 9)  Explain Mills’s distinction between the domination (exclusionary) contract and the consensual (inclusivist) contract. Why does he think that appeal to the domination contract might be useful? Explain.

Questions Set D: Choose TWO of the following (20 points each)

10. 10)  State and explain all three of John Stuart Mill’s arguments defending freedom of expression. Why does he think that even false or dangerous opinions should not be censored? And why, conversely, does he claim we must be allowed to openly contest ideas and received opinions even when they express the “whole truth”?
11. 11)  Explain how J.S. Mill uses utilitarianism to defend his view of freedom of expression. Does his defense succeed on utilitarian grounds? Explain.
12. 12)  In the case of Village of Skokie v. National Socialist Party of America, the Supreme Court rejects the claim that the potential of a violent response to a demonstration is reason for preventing the demonstration. How does it defend this claim? Evaluate its response!

Questions Set E: Choose TWO of the following (20 points each)
13) How does violence impact the identities of colonized people? What is Fanon implying

when he claims that violence mobilizes the masses?

14) What criteria are necessary to group solidarity, according to Shelby? Does he think that common oppression or collective identity is a better foundation for black solidarity? Why?

15) Define cosmopolitanism. What four arguments does Nussbaum forward in support of adopting a cosmopolitan approach to education in the United States?