| Adolescence (11-18 years) -DEBRETTA | ||
| There are many developments that occur during the adolescent stage. The ages of this stage range between eight and nineteen and a vast portion of the population is made up of adolescents. These individuals undergo emotional, social, and physical changes which often makes them subject to mental health issues. They are also exploring their sexual identities in this stage (Berger, 2019)
Adolescence is the stage where these young individual’s body’s change and puberty begins. Puberty in females represents breast and nipple growth as well as full breast development, the first menstrual cycle (menarche), and pubic hair. In males, puberty represents the growth of pubic hair, penial growth, voice changes/deepening, and the appearance of facial hair. Puberty in boys also includes spermarche. Spermarche is, “A boy’s first ejaculation of sperm” (Berger, pg 552, 2019). Although puberty occurs in both genders during adolescence, girls tend to experience maturation sooner than boys will. Still learning the consequences of their actions (and how they treat their bodies) in the longer term
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A dramatic growth in cognitive abilities occurs during the adolescent stage. Egocentrism is very prevalent in adolescents. “Adolescents thinking intensely about themselves and about what others think of them is a trait called adolescent egocentrism,” (Berger, 2019). Teens and pre-teens begin to feel self-conscious about their appearance and start trying to conform to societal standards of beauty. The formation of formal operational thought is also prevalent in this stage. According to Piaget, a child’s concrete operational ideas transform and begin to consider abstractions which include distinguishing assumptions from reality (Berger, 2019). Dual processing is also introduced to adolescents. They begin to think more intellectually. They can now distinguish assumptions from logic. | There can be socioemotional issues that arise during adolescence. Along with puberty comes attitude changes. Conflicts may arise between mothers and daughters and fathers and sons. They are also beginning to become aware of their identity in regards to their gender. |
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